According to conflict theory, which factor best explains deviance, crime, delinquency, and drug abuse?

• A. Differences in power among socioeconomic strata
• B. Community disorganization
• C. Influence of unconventional peer groups
• D. Absence of bonds to conventional society

Answer: (A)

Conflict theory explains deviance as a result of power imbalances in society. Those with power shape laws and what counts as illegal to protect their interests, while the less powerful are more likely to have their actions labeled as deviant and to face harsher penalties. This perspective shows that differences in power among socioeconomic groups help drive who is labeled a criminal and why certain behaviors are criminalized, making it the strongest explanation for deviance, crime, delinquency, and drug abuse.

Other options align with different ideas: community disorganization reflects how weak social structures can foster crime; unconventional peer groups emphasize influence from subcultures; and absence of bonds to conventional society points to control theories about attachment and conformity.