Which school of thought emphasizes individual predisposition to use substances?

• A. Sociocultural School
• B. Predisposition School
• C. Selective Interaction/Socialization School
• D. Pharmacological School

Answer: (B)

The main idea being tested is that some theories focus on inherent personal factors that make someone more likely to use substances. The Predisposition School centers on individual vulnerability—things like genetics, temperament, family history, and coping styles—that set a baseline risk for starting use or developing problematic use. It argues that these internal predispositions can influence whether a person experiments, how easily they progress, and how likely they are to become dependent, shaping use patterns across different contexts.

In contrast, the sociocultural view emphasizes how culture, norms, availability, and social networks influence use; the Selective Interaction/Socialization view emphasizes how people adopt use through choosing and learning within certain peer groups; and the Pharmacological view emphasizes the drug’s own biological effects and the brain’s reward mechanisms. So, this question points to predisposition as the key factor, making the Predisposition School the best fit.